[12], However, by the time that the express rider delivered Young's letter to Haight, the massacre at Mountain Meadows had already taken place. Young undertook a careful study of the book and eventually passed it on to others in his family, including his brothers Brigham, Joseph and John. But rumors of a church-sponsored cover-up persisted. For motives, they point to the persecution of the Mormon people and to the earlier killing of Mormon leaders Joseph and Hyrum Smith. Beau's son was 9 years old at the time of his father's death. Adding fuel to Mormon rage, they argue, was the killing, a few months before the massacre, of Apostle Parley P. Pratt. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Instagram: susanevansmccloudauthor. The Indians initiated the assault, he wrote, and Mormon settlers joined them only reluctantly, fearing reprisals if they did not. The religion had undergone a period of intense conflict with non-Mormons in the American midwest, and faithful Mormons made solemn oaths to pray for vengeance upon those who killed the "prophets" including founder Joseph Smith, and more recently apostle Parley P. Pratt, who was murdered in April 1857 while traveling as a missionary in Arkansas. Risner allegedly killed Davis in another location before moving his body to where it was found, according to CoosaValleyNews.com. Shortly after the outbreak of the Civil War, Brigham Young and his entourage visited Mountain Meadows for the first time since 1857. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. ROME, Georgia A recent Brigham Young University-Idaho graduate was stabbed to death over the weekend in northwestern Georgia. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. EastIdahoNews.com reached out to the Floyd County sheriff and district attorney for further information, and our calls were not immediately returned. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. (Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton said they had not seen the file but were skeptical it would alter their conclusions. People make what they want of the facts in my book, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, but for most readers, the evidence about who ordered the massacre is overwhelming. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. RICHMOND, Va. (Reuters) - A Virginia state senator whose mentally ill son stabbed him 13 times and then committed suicide has filed a $6 million lawsuit against the state and a . She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. How this hostile atmosphere led to murder in a mountain valley 300 miles south of Salt Lake City, however, is fiercely contested. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Why? (She also established from the most impeccable Mormon sources that Brigham Young had obstructed a murder investigation for 18 years, which made him guilty of felony murder.). That admonition includes charging Brigham Young with crimes that he did not commit. When polygamy was a part of Mormon culture, there were different types of marriages or sealings.. During the 1870s Lee,[22] Dame, Philip Klingensmith, Ellott Willden, and George Adair, Jr. were indicted and arrested; warrants were obtained to pursue the arrests of four others (Haight, John Higbee, William C. Stewart, and Samuel Jukes) who had successfully gone into hiding. Hell on Wheels is fiction based on history. Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. His son Phineas was 15 . Such ceremonies usually occurred when a widow was sealed to her dead husband for eternity and to a living husband for time in the same ceremony. Here he was ordained a Seventy and received his endowment before traveling West in the first group of pioneers, led by his brother, Brigham Young. "This evening I am with my wife a lone by my fire side for the first time for years," Young wrote in his diary in January 1842. Early on a Monday morning in September 1857, about 140 men, women and children on a California-bound wagon train were slaughtered under a flag of truce by Mormons who apparently considered the act . Originally ran between Salt Lake and York. Federal investigators suspected Brigham Young of having had a hand in the crime but failed to produce sufficient evidence to convict him. A plaque at the massacre site, erected by the Mormon Church in 1990, carefully avoided assigning blame, referring with baffling vagueness to ''a company of more than 120 Arkansas emigrants'' being ''attacked while en route to California. ''The idea that this was an Indian massacre is just absurd,'' Ms. Denton said, citing a 1999 forensic analysis that found that many of the victims had died from gunshot wounds to the head. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. New York CNN . Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by stake presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. There were five stalwart brothers in the John Young family. But now two authors who have studied the massacre say Brigham Young, the formidable church leader who built a Mormon kingdom in an oasis in the arid wilderness of the Rocky Mountains, masterminded the killings and then conspired to cover up his role. "The week following I did the same, but to my surprise, I could not find the errors that I anticipated, but felt a conviction that the book was true.. Then, in 1870, Young excommunicated John D. Lee, a Mormon official and militia leader in southern Utah, because of his participation in the massacre. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. This had a great impact upon Brigham, who was four years his junior, and confided that I had more confidence in his judgment and discretion, and in the manifestations of God to him, than I had in myself ("Brigham Young: Journal of Discourses," 8:37). [I]f those who are there will leave let them go in peace. '', That conclusion is vigorously disputed by three Mormon church historians, who vow their own history of the massacre, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2004, will exonerate Young. I commenced and read every word in the book in the same week," he recorded and is recounted in The Faithful Young Family." 295 likes All Members Who Liked This Quote . Young retaliated by declaring martial law. Young also led the . In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. Brigham Young: Directed by Henry Hathaway. No evidence exists that the Indians at the council agreed to attack. How did the widow Pratt cross 1,500 dusty miles in a mere 21 days? In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements, he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, We must not interfere with them. These clear and difficult-to-misread words were rushed to Cedar City after Young received an express from local setters there telling him of pending trouble. Brigham Young ( /brm/; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. In 1828, after moving to New York, he read The Book of Mormon for the first time and joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ("Brigham Young" Biography). Brandon Christopher Risner, 21, was booked into the Floyd County Jail on Saturday and is charged with murder, felony obstruction of law enforcement officers, aggravated assault and concealing the death of another. True West asked the authors of both books to lay out their claims. From the early Nauvoo days, the Young brothers performed quartet-style for the Saints; the Prophet Joseph especially enjoyed hearing them sing. This railroad operated between 1871 and 1881 and was founded by prominent Mormons such as Joseph A. ''He did it,'' said Will Bagley, a history columnist for The Salt Lake Tribune whose book ''Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows'' (University of Oklahoma Press) has been a best seller in Utah since it appeared in late July. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. "John D. Lee Arrested". Witnesses later testified about Haslams dramatic arrival in Salt Lake City, the writing of the letter and its dispatch South. The mob killed men, women and all but 17 of the smallest children . Young believed that Lee's punishment was just but not a sufficient blood atonement, given the enormity of the crime, to allow Lee entrance into the celestial kingdom. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. Anyone can read what you share. Update 6/10/2021 7:22 AM. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. It is at this point in the confrontation that the first officer loses his weapon to Rodriguez. Wouldnt these events have kindled Youngs anger and led him to seek revenge? Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. Phineas Young was an older brother of Brigham Young, who was the president of the LDS Church and the first governor of the Territory . In this case, he argues, Young saw bloodshed as a righteous act, one that would avenge the Arkansas murder of the apostle, Pratt, and send a sober warning to the United States government about the risks of invading the Mormon state. Stubborn and determined, he kept riding until he reached the home of a friend. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. NYC woman fatally stabbed, son in custody. ''The evidence is unambiguous. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. The oft asked question about the practice of polygamy in early Mormon history is: How many wives did Brigham Young have? Seventeen children, all under 7, were spared. We will always love him and miss him, Randy Davis, Davis father, wrote in a Facebook post Monday. On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. Penelope Jackson, 66, is . They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. Some testimony came in private interviews when there was no motive to lie. 2015 - 2023 [3] Young's use of inflammatory and violent language[4] in response to a federal expedition to the territory (known as the Utah War) added to the tense atmosphere at the time of the attack. When it was over, men quarreled over responsibility, and many vowed that no one should ever know of their deadly work, including, presumably, Brigham Young. The U.S. posted bounties of $500 each for the capture of Haight, Higbee, and Stewart, and prosecutors chose not to pursue their cases against Dame, Willden, and Adair. Taken in by local families -- including those of men who had participated in the attack -- the children were eventually returned to relatives, some later providing devastating testimony about the massacre. They were reacting to events as they took place. The rapper's . Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. The carriage stopped near me, and the Savior inquired where my brother Brigham was. With Tyrone Power, Linda Darnell, Dean Jagger, Brian Donlevy. It creates a sensation and sells books. There is a logic to this. Angela places the blame for his conviction in part on his wife, Jenny, saying her statements about events had . No. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. 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Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining `Wife: The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. 2 Min Read. Why did he threaten honest men who called for justice in the matter? Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers, https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/12/books/reopening-mormon-murder-mystery-new-accusations-that-brigham-young-himself.html. John presided over the first group he led. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. Hamblin said he was told by Young and Smith to keep quiet, but that "as soon as we can get a court of justice, we will ferret this thing out. For instance, during his time with Zion's Camp, cholera swept among the men and he watched "other men die like flies, but his own life was spared" ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). After Cowdery was excommunicated from the church in 1838, Young wrote him several letters pleading with him to come back into the church. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. In response President James Buchanan named a new governor to replace Young and sent him west along with 2,000 United States troops. Klingensmith escaped prosecution by agreeing to testify against the others. Young was too cleverand too religiously devoutto have destroyed the emigrants and thus irreparably harm the reputation of his people. THE stabbing death of Drakeo the Ruler came in the midst of an ongoing feud with fellow rapper YG, and Drakeo even threatened to kill him just months . He went on to become a missionary in England. Share this quote: Like Quote. She was the daughter of Isaac Decker, a long-time friend of Brigham Young and his father John Young. tags: money , money-management. (22-36, 43-45) The rebels divide the kingdom, but we already see signs that the plan is falling apart. Before any of these events, which were instrumental in drawing the brothers to the truth, the youngest son, Lorenzo, at the young age of 9 years, experienced an extraordinary and prophetic dream. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. The Mountain Meadows Massacre victimized several groups of emigrants from the northwestern Arkansas region who had started their treks to California in early 1857, joining along the way and becoming known as the BakerFancher party. An anti-Mormon mob killed Joseph and Hyrum Smith in Carthage, Illinois. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. Most of you have heard by now that our son Aaron was savagely taken from us. Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks' classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate . After this attack, Smiths successor, Brigham Young, led the Mormons West. After guiding an exodus of . The young boy testified against his father on Wednesday, saying, "You stabbed me." Visit Insider's homepage for more stories. It was one of the worst American civilian atrocities of the 19th century. The family the Lord had put his hand upon did not fail. He founded Salt Lake City and he served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. And he learned from Joseph Smith how men . While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. While looking at a Tombstone photo, I saw a sign that says mule and ox shoes to order. March 28, 1884: Or was it March 8? 20, No. Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. (No Ratings Yet) About. But though Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton marshal an astonishing number of archival sources, their case against Brigham Young remains circumstantial. When asked by Horace Greeley in 1859, Brigham Young said that he had 15 wives, but some of those sealed to me are old ladies whom I regard rather as mothers than wives. There is room for my brown paper-doll family: 2 gospel truths I learned as a young girl that carry my faith, 7 Latter-day Saint resources that answer questions about death and the spirit world, See the stunning winners of the Churchs International Art Competition. A woman who stabbed her husband to death left a note saying she had "taken so much abuse over the years" and that she accepted "her punishment", a court has heard. Richard Turley Jr., managing director of the family and church history department of the Mormon church, said a file he and his co-authors discovered in the church archives confirmed that Lee was acting on his own. A murder suspect accused of shooting his girlfriend, axing his 9-year-old daughter in the head, then stabbing and lighting his son on fire cross-examined the 11-year-old survivor Wednesday in a jaw-dropping courtroom scene. Lorenzo was fearless in dealing with hostile Indians or any form of difficulty or trial. Why did he do nothing to return the stolen property of the 17 surviving orphans? But I am determined by the help of God never to bear false witness against My Neighbour. Later, he complained that those who questioned him wanted lies, not truth. The current round of debate may be the bluntest yet about the episode, which, in addition to investigative accounts, has inspired at least five novels in the last several years. His 11-year-old son answered questions about the day his mom and sister were killed. Brigham Young was also pinned with a monthly alimony payment of $500, as well as a then-whopping $3,000 in court fees. Lorenzo remained in that noble calling until he died, 18 years after that. After informing him, he further inquired about my other brothers and our father. when arreseted, PRYOR had a . When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. Some settlers, the story goes, believed the pioneers had been involved in the murder of Parley Pratt, a popular Mormon apostle, in western Arkansas earlier that year. Brigham Young was a man well acquainted with life and death. Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. A second form could seal a woman to one man for time and another for eternity. . "[Young] is not only the president here but he is the president of the states and kingdoms of this world no matter if they have not elected him." In a very real sense, Brigham Young was the law. Lured west by the promise of a wide-open range and a gentle climate -- a boon for cattle ranching -- the party left Arkansas in the spring of 1857, just as the Utah Territory and the United States were on the brink of armed conflict. Bottom line: Yes, Brigham Young was clearly a racist. But now, a new book, which has been a bestseller in Utah since it appeared last summer, claims the massacre was ordered by Mormon Prophet Brigham Young. Phineas and John were two of the early pioneers to head West and who volunteered to turn back upon the weary trail and guide other groups who were just beginning the trek, see The Faithful Young Family." It is hard to determine how many wives Young actually lived with in the normal sense of husband and wife because of the practice of sealing. Sealings, meaning a ceremony performed by Mormon church authorities that link a man and a woman, could be of two types. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -- the Mormon church -- has steadfastly denied responsibility, first blaming Indians and later a rogue church official for the crime. While not on missions, Young lived with the Latter Day Saints in Kirtland, Ohio and Far West, Missouri. The line was purchased by Union Pacific in 1875. He asked his father, who had read the book through, what his feelings were. Stuart Taylor and his son Jacob join other spectators at the 139th annual Golden Spike Celebration in Promontory Summit, Utah, on Saturday, May 10, 2008, as the wood-fired . The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. "[13], Historians debate whether the Haight letter absolves Young of any complicity. Darriynn Brown has been charged with the murder of Cash Gernon. Young died in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory at the age of 80. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. ''He was an absolute dictator,'' she said. Strang penned a letter to two leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor, requesting to . 26 likes. [3], In 1840, Young moved to Scott County, Illinois when the Latter Day Saints were expelled from Missouri. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. The crudely worded entry appears to refer to the Fancher party and suggests that Young encouraged the Indians to steal the group's cattle and engage them in a fight. So, two years after Brigham Young first began expressing interest, the marriage-cautious and polygamy-skeptical Ann Eliza joined the prophet's group of wives. ''It was the wealthiest wagon train ever to traverse the country,'' she said. They are also fascinated by stories of murder and especially murder on a grand scale. Brigham Young led one of the largest group migrations in American historyover 12,000 peopleto Salt Lake City, Utah. After the massacre, Young stated in public forums that God had taken vengeance on the BakerFancher party. Friends Who Liked This Quote. (Young had at least 20 wives -- by some estimates as many as 56 -- and up to 57 children.). ''It was locally planned and carried out.''. Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. Mr. Bagley cites a diary entry made by Young's brother-in-law and Indian interpreter, Dimick Huntington, after a meeting between the Mormon leader and Paiute chiefs on Sept. 1, 1857. Risner worked as a scare actor at a haunted house in Canton, Georgia, according to his social media pages. Children who survived the massacre later described seeing their parents' clothes and jewelry on the bodies of local settlers. The Rome-News Tribune reports police were notified of an abandoned car, and the investigation led to finding Davis body, which was taken to the Georgia Bureau of Investigation crime lab for an autopsy on Sunday. Wild Bill Hickman, a famed gunslinger and friend of the Mormon leader . Finally, it is also a matter of historical record that none of the Indian leaders at the Salt Lake council were later at Mountain Meadows, except the Southern Ute leader, Ammon, who tried to prevent the massacre. . "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . "For many years no person saw a smile on his countenance, Brigham, in a later sermon, told the Saints about his conversation with his brother, in consequence of the burden of the Lord upon him, and realizing that the inhabitants of the Earth had all gone out of the way and had turned every man to his own views (see Journal of Discourses, 12:95). Young settled in Salt Lake City. 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